Erratum to “Neutrophil-dominant psoriasis-like skin inflammation induced by epidermal-specific expression of Raf in mice” [J. Dermatol. Sci. 58 (2010) 28–35]

Alterations in gross appearance (A) and histology (B) of K14-Raf:ER skin induced by a single topical application of 4OHT. K14-Raf:ER dorsal skin was shaved and then treated once with 1mg 4OHT. Pictures of the skin were taken at days 0, 2, 7 and 14 and skin specimens for histology were harvested at days 0, 2, 4, 7 and 21. Images in the lowest panels (labeled with asterisks * and **) are higher magnifications of the indicated areas of the image at day 7. Arrowheads indicate the infiltration of neutrophils into the epidermis and horny layers. Bars: 100μm in 0, 2, 4, 7 and 21; 20μm in the lowest panels.

(A) The expression of phospho-Erk1/2 in the epidermis of K14-Raf:ER mice treated once with 4OHT. Dorsal skins of K14-Raf:ER mice were treated once with 1mg 4OHT and at the indicated times (in hours), they were harvested and subjected to immunohistochemistry using a anti-phospho-Erk1/2 antibody. (B) The expression of phospho-Erk1/2 in psoriatic epidermis. Lesional skins of patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n=3) and normal skins from healthy volunteers (n=3) were subjected to immunohistochemistry using the anti-phospho-Erk1/2 antibody. Bars: 20μm.

The production of cytokines and chemokines by keratinocytes cultured from K14-Raf:ER mouse skin and then induced by 4OHT. Keratinocytes from newborn K14-Raf:ER mice were incubated with 0, 10 or 100nM 4OHT for 24h, after which the concentration of each cytokine or chemokine noted was measured. Data are shown as means±standard deviation of triplicate experiments. Significance of differences was assessed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Scheffe's test. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 (vs 0nM). ND: not detected.

Rapid expression of cytokines and chemokines in K14-Raf:ER skin treated once with 4OHT. Dorsal skins of K14-Raf:ER mice were treated once with 1mg 4OHT and the concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in skin homogenates prepared before or 8h after treatment were measured. Data are shown as means±standard deviation of triplicate experiments. Significance of differences was assessed using the unpaired Student's t-test. *p<0.05 (vs 0h). There were no significant differences in IL-5, CCL5 (RANTES) and CCL11 (Eotaxin).

The differentiation capacity of regional lymph node CD4-positive cells in K14-Raf:ER mice treated once with 4OHT. Seven days after a single treatment with 1mg 4OHT, immobilized CD3-stimulated production of IFN-γ, IL-4 or IL-17 by CD4-positive cells from lymph nodes was measured. Experiments were repeated 3 times and representative data are shown.

The effect of an anti-Gr-1 antibody on epidermal hyperplasia and inflammation of K14-Raf:ER skin treated once with 4OHT. PBS (A, B, D, E, G, H) or anti-Gr-1 antibody (C, F, I) was administered intraperitoneally to K14-Raf:ER mice 1 day before topical treatment with 4OHT (B, C, E, F, H, I) or with vehicle alone (A, D, G) and every 2 days thereafter. Seven days after treatment with 4OHT, skins were processed and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining (A–C), to immunofluorescence for Gr-1 (D–F), or for I-A (G–I). Solid lines indicate the contours of the skin surface; dotted lines denote the basement membrane. Bars: 400μm in A–C; 200μm in D–I.

The expression of phospho-Erk1/2 by 4OHT in K14-Raf:ER keratinocytes. Keratinocytes from newborn K14-Raf:ER mice and from wild-type mice were incubated with 0, 10 or 100nM 4OHT for 24h, then cellular protein extracts were subjected to western blotting using a phospho-ERK1/2 antibody.