Abstract
Six families of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), which play an important role in
cellular detoxification, are identified in human cells. We report that human keratinocytes
and melanocytes express significant levels of GST activity, for which GSTP1-1 is mainly
responsible. But, in contrast to previous reports that GSTP1-1 level increases in
skin tumor tissues, GSTP1-1 expression does not increase in transformed keratinocytes
and melanocytes in culture. Although the human GSTP1 gene carries in its 5′-flanking
region multiple copies of the antioxidant response element (ARE), no increase in GSTP1-1
expression was observed after treatment of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) with ARE-mediated
inducers. ARE is a cis-acting DNA element and stimulates the transcription of many
genes. While studies suggest that an NF-κB binding site in the promoter region might
suppress the ARE function, such a mechanism does not appear to exist in HaCaT cells.
Moreover, although ras has been shown to stimulate the expression of human GSTP1-1, the effect of c-Ha-ras on GSTP1-1 expression in HaCaT cells appears limited.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
ARE, antioxidant response element (), CDNB, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (), GCS, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (), QR-1, quinone reductase-1 (), GSH, glutathione (), GST, glutathione S-transferase (), NHEK, normal human epidermal keratinocyte (), NHM, normal human melanocyte (), SF, 1-isothiocyanato-(4R,S)-(methylsulfinyl)butane(sulforaphane) (), SS, sulfasalazine (), TBHQ, tert-butylhydroquinone (), PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ()To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
August 21,
2002
Received in revised form:
August 5,
2002
Received:
May 1,
2002
Identification
Copyright
© 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
